Across continents, electric mobility has become a visible marker of progress. Charging points appear along highways, in city centers, and at shopping complexes. Spain’s public network now approaches fifty thousand operational chargers, with rapid and ultra-fast stations leading recent growth.
2025 December
Large discoveries in particle physics often begin with events so faint they seem impossible to detect. The recent SNO+ measurement of solar neutrinos converting carbon into nitrogen offered one such signal. It appeared as two flashes of light separated by several minutes inside an underground detector shielded from the noise of cosmic rays. The primary flash marked a neutrino striking a carbon-13 nucleus.
The question is no longer whether neutrinos exist, or even whether they interact. It is how much of their silent, constant motion can be transformed into measurable energy. For decades, this idea remained theoretical. Then came data. From the detectors of Japan’s Super-Kamiokande to the frozen array of IceCube in Antarctica, from the CEνNS results at Oak Ridge to the spectral precision of JUNO in southern China, a continuous chain of proof emerged. What once looked abstract became observable. And from that chain, a new equation was born.
